Afghanistan is prone to many hydrometeorological hazards that have adversly affected the lives, properties, and livelihoods of the Afghan people for centuries. The most frequent and devastating hydrometeorological hazards include floods, flash floods, droughts, landslides, avalanches, and extreme heat and cold. In recent years, Meteorological and Hydrological capacity in Afghanistan has been developed on a project basis within different goverment organizations. An analysis of the Afghanistan Meteorological Department (AMD) revealed deficiencies in many areas including: the culture of service delivery, quality and accessibility of data and information to meet user needs, and physical capacity for data analysis, quality control, interpretation, and optimum use of available resources.